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...haust brakes have exhaust pressure modulation (EPM) that controls the back pressure which in turn improves the braking performance across a range of engine spe Some new innovations increase the exhaust back-pressure by various means, leading to more torque at the flywheel, and therefore mor

...ases, hence a relief valve is incorporated into the system to allow excess pressure to be bled away. ...used, i.e. driving in a straight line, twin hydraulic lines provide equal pressure to both sides of the steering wheel gear. When [[torque]] is applied to the

...]s, a bulge in the exhaust pipe known as an [[expansion chamber]] uses the pressure of the exhaust to create a [[pump]] that squeezes more air and fuel into th ...ater into the exhaust pipe cools the exhaust gas and thus lessens the back-pressure at the engine's cylinders' [[exhaust port]]s and thus helps the cylinders t

A '''blowoff valve''' is a pressure release system present in [[turbocharge]]d engines, its purpose is to preve ...when the throttle is lifted or closed. This air pressure is re-circulated back into the non-pressurized end of the intake (before the turbo) but after the

...r over great distances; another set of transformers is required to step it back down to safer or more usable voltage levels at destination. [[Hydraulic]] systems use liquid under pressure to transmit power; [[canals]] and [[hydroelectric]] [[power generation]] fa

An air brake system uses air as a way to transmit pressure from the driver's control to the service brake. It also includes an air-ove ...compressor from pumping air. When the tank pressure falls to the "cut-in" pressure (no lower than 85 p.s.i. or 586 kPa), the governor allows the compressor to

...e is characterized by four ''strokes'', or straight movements alternately, back and forth, of a [[piston]] inside a [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]]: ...ark plug]] for a [[gasoline]] or [[Otto cycle]] engine, or by the heat and pressure of compression for a [[Diesel cycle]] of [[compression ignition engine]], a

...e is characterized by four ''strokes'', or straight movements alternately, back and forth, of a [[piston]] inside a [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]]: ...ark plug]] for a [[gasoline]] or [[Otto cycle]] engine, or by the heat and pressure of compression for a [[Diesel cycle]] of [[compression ignition engine]], a

# increasing the amount of positive pressure downward through the vehicle ...'roof spoiler''' is a small ridge of plastic or metal attached to the very back of the roof, usually just above the rear window.

...accelerated through a narrow slot between the car and the ground, lowering pressure by [[Bernoulli's principle]]. ..., he placed them further back and discovered that a small area of negative pressure was formed under the car, generating a useful amount of downforce - around

...ssing the mixture which is ignited by a [[spark plug]], driving the piston back down. ...ressurizes the crankcase. This pushes also some mixture from the crankcase back to the inlet tract, causing the reed valve to close and preventing the mixt

...n accelerating the air to high speed and then exchanging that velocity for pressure by diffusing or slowing it down. ...d dramatically shorten an engine's life due to the extreme temperature and pressure created by the supercharger, but modern engines produced with modern materi

...along the ground with little sliding friction. As each log comes out the back, it is moved to the front where the block then rolls on to it. You can imi ...Thus, the contact between ball and race is of finite size and has finite pressure. Note also that the deformed ball and race do not roll entirely smoothly b

...g system is that any separation between hoses and pipes causes loss of air pressure and hence the loss of the force applying the brakes. This deficiency could ...system wherein each piece of railroad rolling stock was equipped with an [[Pressure tank|air reservoir]] and a ''triple valve'', also known as a ''control valv

...oke engine with an expansion pipe illustrating the effect of the reflected pressure wave on the fuel charge.]] ...ssing the mixture which is ignited by a [[spark plug]], driving the piston back down.

...ven 7-piston pump, similar in size to a power steering pump generates this pressure when the engine is running. * 2001 [[Citroën C5|C5]]: No more central hydraulic pressure generation; combined pump/sphere unit for the suspension only and with elec

...gas]] and their presence in the brake system greatly reduces the hydraulic pressure that can be developed within the system. More sophisticated automatic systems allow brake fluid to be forced under pressure from the brake fluid reservoir into the entire system. Using these devices,

...rabham's victory seemed to be on the way though, as he resisted to all the pressure that Rindt brought on him. But the unbeliavable happened: on the last lap, | Oil Pressure

...e is characterized by four ''strokes'', or straight movements alternately, back and forth, of a [[piston]] inside a [[cylinder (engine)|cylinder]]: ...y a [[spark plug]] for a gasoline or Otto cycle engine, or by the heat and pressure of compression for a [[Diesel cycle]] of [[compression ignition engine]], a

..., [[Biella (mechanical) | rods]] [[titanium]], turbo with intercooler (1.4 pressure [[bar]]) ...tical while an aerodynamic to "spout duck" gives grit and character to the back, which merges into a mysterious harmony convexity very accentuated that abs

...[[nitrogen]] in the air reacts with oxygen under the high temperature and pressure conditions inside the engine. NOx emissions contribute to both smog and [[ ...increasing the pressure inside the tank above atmospheric pressure. This pressure must be relieved, and before emissions control it was simply vented into th

...uments are usually regarded as essential: MCP, PFD, ND, EICAS, FMS/CDU and Back-up Instruments. ...ither centrally or on either side of the cockpit. It will show the current pressure setting for the altimeter (local or standard), target speed and current spe

...used. There's a new intake manifold, revised intake timing, a low counter-pressure exhaust silencer and re-positioned valve-springs, the transmission addition ...the cars efficiency and balance. Additional downforce is generated at the back by a subtly re-profiled tailgate whilst oval cooling vanes now surround the

...d with a front spoon brake and no rear brake, although with no free wheel, back-pedalling was an option. This was undoubtedly a big improvement on having n ...l be impossible to adjust the brake pads so that they can apply sufficient pressure to the rim but do not rub when released and do not contact the tire, which

...a]] and won the non-world championship [[Kuala Lumpur]] GP. In 1983 he was back for a full season on a factory Honda as team-mate with American [[Freddie S ...organisers the following day to give the win to Graeme Crosby. Haslam was back the following year to claim an undisputed victory.

...ugh the complete exhaust system, using larger diameter piping and low back pressure [[muffler]]s, and through the intake system, with larger diameter airboxes, ...the [[compression ratio]], which makes more efficient use of the cylinder pressure developed and leading to more rapid burning of fuel, by using larger compre

...line. He finished 130 laps in the [[1952 Indianapolis 500]] before the oil pressure failed. His [[1953 Indianapolis 500]] ended after 170 laps, and his [[1954 ...ianapolis 500]]. Ward took the lead on lap 183 (of 200). The lead switched back and forth between Ward and Rathmann until Rathmann pulled ahead on lap 197

...d exhaust system on all modern cars, where the exhaust system creates back pressure to pull spent gasses from the cylinder bores. Modifying this tuned system i

...are propelled by heating the reaction mass and allowing it to flow out the back of the vehicle. This sort of [[engine]] is called a '''[[rocket|rocket eng ...ell. A few designs take advantage of things like magnetic fields or light pressure in order to change the spacecraft's momentum, but in free space the rocket

...'s RPM and the position of the gas pedal (or the [[MAP sensor|manifold air pressure]]). The engine tuner can adjust this by bringing up a [[spreadsheet]]-like ...he ECU to increase the injector fire time to compensate for a loss of fuel pressure.

...n previous, it was only at the final round in Imola that the team reverted back to the original frame, needless to say that Troy was very competitive all w ...ng to some, confirmation that Troy's sacking was influenced by sponsorship pressure rather than any performance based reasons was seen in the appointment of [[

...oil springs, telescopic shocks and anti-roll bars. Citroën's advanced high pressure hydraulics were adopted to operate the ventilated disc brakes, the brake, c ...e and reach, the driver's seat being height adjustable only. Instead, high pressure hydraulics moved the pedal box, consisting of the brake, clutch and throttl

...ides differ). After a series of injuries to other team drivers, as well as pressure from the German government (again, accounts differ as to what combination o * [http://8w.forix.com/stuck.html From Austria to Auto-Union and back]

...compressed in the area where the tire contacts the road surface and spring back to its original shape under high-frequency cycles. Typical components used ...low air permeability. The inner liner assures that the tire will hold high-pressure air inside, without the air gradually diffusing through the rubber structur

...pressure]]. This is comparable with the 14.3 bar maximum [[mean effective pressure|MEP]] of the 2003 [[BMW E46]] [[M3 CSL#M3 CSL .28E36.29|M3 CSL]], the [[Lis ...en greatly modified since the 1967 [[Cosworth DFV]] and the mean effective pressure has stayed at around 14 bar MEP. Until the mid-1980s Formula One engines we

...shadowed by more forceful teammates and, some say, did not respond well to pressure at key moments in his career. In [[1981]], he finished second in the World Joining the [[WilliamsF1|Williams]] team for [[1980]] brought back some of his form with a win at Monaco and eight podiums for third in the Ch

...Most of this occurred during the [[Oligocene]] and [[Miocene]] epochs. The pressure formed great recumbent folds, or ''nappes'', that rose out of what had beco ...lieved that the [[climate]] changed so rapidly that the glaciers retreated back into the mountains in a span of about 200 to 300 years.

...changes, causing different sets of valves to open and close. The hydraulic pressure controlled by these valves drives the various clutch and brake band actuato ...This puts the car into the reverse gear, giving the ability for the car to back up. In order for the driver to select reverse they must come to a complete

...bricant base stock plus additives to improve the oil's detergency, extreme pressure performance, and ability to [[corrosion inhibitor|inhibit]] [[corrosion]] o ...with the help of an oil filter removal tool, and a new oil filter screwed back in after applying fresh oil to the sealing surface of the new filter. Then

...xamples of ''mechanical systems'' include the flow of a [[liquid]] under [[pressure]], the fracture of a [[solid]] from an applied [[force]], or the vibration ...s of motion]] while the modern practice of their application can be traced back to [[Stephen Timoshenko|Timoshenko]], who is said to be the father of moder

...|water power]], [[wind power]] and even [[Steam engine |steam power]] date back to antiquity. ...ted all known methods of raising engine capacity, including increasing the pressure in the cylinders to improve efficiency, increasing the size of the engine,

.... They are primarily using [[hydraulics]] to select gears, depending on [[pressure]] exerted by fluid within the transmission assembly. Rather than using a [ ...inning at high rpm by a large flow of exhaust in order to keep the [[boost pressure]] up and eliminate the [[turbo lag]] that occurs when the engine is idling

====center of gravity forward or back ==== ...ular inertia detracts from the ability of the suspension to keep front and back tire loadings constant on uneven surfaces and therefore contributes to bump

...|water power]], [[wind power]] and even [[Steam engine |steam power]] date back to antiquity. ...ted all known methods of raising engine capacity, including increasing the pressure in the cylinders to improve efficiency, increasing the size of the engine,

...for example, the second law does apply to the radio wave (see [[radiation pressure]], [[radiation reaction]] force, etc.) It applicability is guaranteed by ac ...motion of the other, that body also (because of the equality of the mutual pressure) will undergo an equal change, in its own motion, toward the contrary part.

...race of the year at [[1997 European Grand Prix|Jerez]]. Schumacher, under pressure from his rival, made a mistake allowing Villeneuve to close in. The German ...indered development. Autosport magazine speculated on Villeneuve switching back to Williams for 2000, but he went on to race for BAR until late 2003, never

Moving back to [[Alfa Romeo (Formula One)|Alfa Romeo]] in 1982, de Cesaris showed to be ...ailure in [[Great Britain]] led to a massive crash but the Italian bounced back to take qualify seventh and finish fifth in [[Germany]].

...asing the size of the carburettor choke from 42 to 45 mm and reducing back pressure by extending the portion of the exhaust manifold that used individual pipes

...for symbols derived from the name of a person. For example, the unit of [[pressure]] is named after [[Blaise Pascal]], so its symbol is written "Pa" whereas t ...p://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U2100.pdf Letterlike Symbols] subranges for back compatibility, without necessarily recommending future usage.

...the body. The side air intakes behind the front wheels generate a negative pressure, resulting in downforce. ...aust weighs less than 10 kg. Hydroformed junctions are used to reduce back-pressure and guarantee a free flow of the exhaust gasses. Titanium guarantees a low

...f the Spanish Grand Prix was being forgotten and the Championship race was back on.

...ical twins were hardly selling at all. De Eccher was out, and Taglioni was back in favour, and so, by association, was Tartarini. A hasty re-design of the ...crankshaft, with plain big-end bearings and a larger oil pump with the oil pressure at 80 psi. The new crankshaft had an 80 mm stroke, and with the 88&nbs

...on-ignition, that is, the rise in temperature that accompanies the rise in pressure within the cylinder is sufficient to ignite the fuel spontaneously. All con ...or, through the coil primary, across the closed breaker points and finally back to the battery. This steady current produces a magnetic field within the c

...with Honda) in [[2002]] and [[2003]], and continued his streak of back-to-back championships by winning the [[2004]] and [[2005]] MotoGP World Championshi ...ssi considered 1998 the toughest year of his career, due to the persistent pressure to perform that he felt from Aprilia, the media and effectively everyone ar

...e a seal between the metal wheel and the tire to maintain the internal air pressure (''tubeless tire''). This method, however, tends to fail desperately if the ...to manufacturer's specified [[pressure]], which is more than [[atmospheric pressure]]. The wheel and tire assembly are then attached to the vehicle through a

...y in the form of hydrogen and [[oxygen]] gas. It can then convert the fuel back into water to release the solar energy. ...ease the amount of hydrogen that can be stored onboard, be it through high pressure hydrogen, cryogenic liquid hydrogen, or [[metal hydride]]s.

...other things, the electronic seats have a new button which simplifies the back adjustment. To further improve on-board comfort, at the centre of the dashb ..., Blue&Me, Blue&Me Nav, CD-changer and a sensor to alert insufficient tyre pressure.

...ix racing and Nuvolari returned to Ferrari, who were reluctant to take him back, but were persuaded by [[Benito Mussolini|Mussolini]], the Italian prime mi ...r's gearbox seized and Nuvolari crashed, severely [[wound|lacerating]] his back. Despite his injuries, he competed in the Nations Grand Prix at [[Autodromo

...for the last two races. Alas, [[Nigel Mansell|Mansell]] badly bruised his back in an accident while practicing for the [[Japanese Grand Prix|Japanese Gran ...when during Friday free practise [[Erik Comas]] had crashed heavily on the back straight other drivers drove past the wreckage at high speed. Senna could b

...rs whose mother, Teresa, had set them up in the motorcycle repair business back in 1911, a prelude to them attaching the [[Benelli]] badge to their own ran ...nd Prix]] race-winner in the hands of [[Tarquinio Provini]], Zanzani moved back to Motobi in 1966. There he focused his attention on the new 250cc Sprite m

...the cockpit at the front end, and transmission and rear suspension at the back end. ...still when the driver must operate the clutch using a lever mounted on the back of the steering wheel. By regulation the cars use [[rear wheel drive]]. A m

...terrain vehicle|All-terrain vehicles]]''' or ATVs. These have two or more back wheels, usually two front wheels, an open driver's seat and a motorcycle-ty ...00 km/h, where the rider becomes a major source of drag and is pushed back from the handlebars, tiring the rider. However, these motorcycles still eff

...ck of the posterior seat (the access are obtained ahead withdrawing in the back) '' ...that it comprises: [[tachimetro|contachilometri]], speedometer, [[gauge]] pressure oil, pointer level fuel, [[clock]], [[thermometer]] temperature water, tap

...rrari 250LM]] sportscar prototypes, modified to 3000cc, and mounted in the back of an F1 chassis, designated 312 for 3 litre 12cyl. ...Dragoni]]. The issue was about priorities in racing, as Ferrari was under pressure from Ford in sports car racing, and the F1 effort was somewhat neglected. [

...ut the vehicle's vertical axis, opposing the skid and bringing the vehicle back in line with the driver's commanded direction. Additionally, the system may ...may be utilized in addition to the hydraulic pump to meet these demanding pressure gradients.

Ian Kuah takes us back to the peak of the supercar boom when he visited a small factory in Modena. ...ials CZ, Zampolli's initials, are spoken in Italian) himself. Totally laid back in the typical Italian way, Zampolli sat me down in his office and recounte

...for neutral, high beam, left turn signal, right turn signal, low fuel, oil pressure, lights-on, engine-management troubleshooting; Wheelbase: 61.4 in. (1560 mm ...gs, touring seat with pillion backrest and hard bags; ; colors: Red/Black; back/chrome;blue/chrome; dark silver/black; Engine: Air-cooled, 90-degree transv

...driver in the race driving without a riding mechanic, who checked the oil pressure and let the driver know when traffic was coming. Harroun then invented what ...stakes" was used following [[World War I]] in [[1919]] only. The race went back to "International Sweepstakes Race" in [[1920]]. From then until [[1980]],

...wheel-less millennia even after the invention of [[agriculture]]. Looking back even further, it is of some interest that although [[Paleoanthropology|pale * Being raised by air pressure ([[hovercraft]])

...ved from centuries of social and political change. Its roots can be traced back to [[4th century BCE]] and into the Middle Ages which brought [[Arab]] and ...fficially formed until the 19th century, the cuisine can claim roots going back as far as 4th century BC. Through various influences throughout the centuri

...sures must be in place to allow appropriate venting to ensure the level of pressure is similar on the inside and outside. Gasoline also reacts dangerously with ...z]] got petrol for her famous drive from [[Mannheim]] to [[Pforzheim]] and back from chemists' shops. In [[Germany]] petrol is called ''Benzin'' but this i

...hey had previously used in [[Ferrari P]] sports car racers, mounted in the back of a rather heavy F1 chassis. Bandini drove a 2.4-liter V6 early in the sea ...humacher matched Juan Manuel Fangio's record of 5 world championships, set back in the 1950s.

...ning away from his car to hide during the race. Come Japan however, he was back on top form and romped to a victory that secured him a second world champio

...ed better in sixth place but stalled on the grid and had to start from the back. He only lasted for three laps before retiring after spinning off in a rain ...was lapping [[Jos Verstappen]], the Dutchman accidentally rammed into the back of him, taking Montoya out.

...t have no suspension (relying on chassis flex), and no differential (solid back axle). They are usually raced on scaled-down tracks, but are sometimes driv ...red to try to improve the competitiveness of the kart (examples being tyre pressure, gearing, seat position, chassis stiffness) that also exist in other forms

...nder braking into the right-hand 'Dry Sac' hairpin curve at the end of the back-straight of the Jerez circuit. Schumacher ended up on the gravel and out of ...ently stalled his Ferrari on the starting grid and had to restart from the back of the grid. He eventually regained lost ground, only to retire some laps l

...to rotate with that shaft. However, the splines allow the selector to move back and forth on the shaft, which happens when it is pushed by a selector fork ...from the center, before it reaches its limit and has to be allowed to move back to the center position. Thus, changing multiple gears into one direction is

...'''first surface mirrors''' are more susceptible to damage than household back-surface mirrors. ...on. Also, pure aluminium has a tendency to "creep" under steady sustained pressure (to a greater degree as the temperature rises), again loosening the connect

...invited to drive a Mercedes-Benz 300 SLR. Racing for the lead, he hit the back of a slower Austin-Healey which had to swerve left in order to pass the [[J ...g at high speed. Levegh could not do anything, his car ran into the sloped back of the Austin-Healey, was catapulted into the air, and crashed on top of an

...scene in the novel: Goldfinger, using a buzz saw in what is known as "the pressure room", spares Bond's life, not because he claimed knowledge of Goldfinger's ...nal meeting with the President of the United States, but during the flight back in a [[business jet]] (again a [[Lockheed JetStar]], but painted differentl

...mped 140 meters into the air. The spectacular plume was once an occasional pressure release for hydro-power generation on the Rhône River, but people liked it ...uge collection of '''toys and games''' which you might not be able to find back home including, for example, a very cute if unlikely ''escargot à bascule'

Genoa's history goes back to ancient times. The first historically known inhabitants of the area are In [[1797]], under pressure from [[Napoleon]], Genoa became a French protectorate called the [[Ligurian

...ext two races, Hill needed to win both Grand Prix to keep Schumacher under pressure. Alesi pleased the tifosi by taking pole position in [[1994 Italian Grand P ...That meant Schumacher had to stop again and so he dropped away. He charged back after the stop but this time Hill was able to hold the gap. Hill won by 3.3

To check our answer, we convert this result back into feet: ===Pressure or mechanical stress===

...too late and compressed his brake lever ferther after impacting it on the back of Capirossi's bike. Both riders ended up injured and in the hospital, with ...chometer, trip/odometer, anti-theft immobilizer, lap time measurement, oil pressure, fuel reserve, EOBD, clock, air temperature, rev counter

...and Fittipaldi, but was a far closer result than expected. Ferrari bounced back from a dismal 1973 season with its first true monocoque cars, the [[flat-12 ..., suffering severe burns. He was given the last rites but unbelievably was back in his Ferrari six weeks later. He lost the championship by a single point

...e seat which he sits on, then the seat drops down into the floor and comes back up a clean new seat, disposing of the dead body which was sitting on it. ...tch : Contains a remote detonator and explosive charge and fuse inside the back compartment.

The [[Ferrari P]]rototypes made a come-back with the 3.0 L [[Ferrari 312|312P]]. ...pe for a general failure of the Matras and Jo Bonnier decided to keep some pressure on the Matras. The Lolas where running fast with Bonnier establishing a new

...g gearing, reducing the front wheel diameter, and setting the seat further back, with no loss of speed. Having to both pedal and steer via the front wheel ...ndlebars'', the norm in Europe and elsewhere until the 1970s, curve gently back toward the rider, offering a natural grip and comfortable upright position.

...4]] and established the [[Latin Empire]]. Considerable plunder was brought back to Venice, including the [[Mark the Evangelist|Winged Lion of St. Mark]], s ...is elective office for life. In practice, a number of Doges were forced by pressure from their [[oligarchy|oligarchical]] peers to resign the office and retire

*[[Direct tpms|Tire pressure monitoring]] systems or [[Deflation Detection System]]s ...rticular age, height, and/or weight ride in a [[child seat]] and/or in the back seat, as applicable. In [[Sweden]], for instance, a child or an adult short

...cement surface. Garin could not believe his luck. By the time Cordang was back on his bike, he had lost 100 metres. There remained six laps to cover. Two ...er the more tired you got. Then you'd get your front wheel up but not your back wheel. That happened to me. And then you'd go sprawling, of course, and you

...[[1995 British Grand Prix]]. He retired on lap 48 when the car's hydraulic pressure dropped.]] The FG01 had many influences. Its roots dated back to {{F1|1991}} when former [[Brabham]] designer Rinland left the British te

...ng him to fall into the same tank with the shark which maimed Felix. Under pressure from the [[DEA]] to rein in his agent, [[M (James Bond)|M]] meets Bond in K ...a telephone call from Felix, informing him that M is offering Bond his job back. Bond doesn't give Felix an answer, but instead pursues Agent Bouvier into

...replaces the batteries. The hydraulic accumulator, which is essentially a pressure tank, is potentially cheaper and more durable than batteries. Hydraulic hyb ...a [[gas turbine]] or a [[steam engine]], but hybrid technology could bring back gas turbines and the steam-powered car.

...logne opera after a performance in 1931. During the Fascist era, political pressure stymied the development of classical music, although censorship was not as ...d promoted by the [[Italian Communist Party]], a change that can be traced back to the 1968 student revolts and protests. Many songs of the modern

...e of the next 11 European Formula Two championships. However, BMW also put pressure on Herd to concentrate on the Formula Two programme. As a result, he spent ...by him; the Scot, who is [[dyslexic]], has since said that others did not back McLaren for "fear of repercussions". ITV commentator and Times columnist [[