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...he piston during the intake stroke to go down faster than during the power stroke.

...aluminum design. All three displacements shared the same long 120 mm stroke, and all were [[SOHC]] designs with a single camshaft serving both banks of ...|Artena]]. Bore was set at 82.55 mm as in the 2.6 L Lambda, but stroke was reduced to a more conventional 90 mm. Total displacement was 1927

...ne]] rather than the much more usual, [[reciprocating engine]] of the four-stroke cycle. [[image:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|framed|right|four-stroke cycle]]

...ne]] rather than the much more usual, [[reciprocating engine]] of the four-stroke cycle. [[image:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|framed|right|four-stroke cycle]]

...exhaust, they must be opened and closed at the appropriate time during the stroke of the piston. For this reason, the camshaft is connected to the [[cranksha ...rotates at the same rate as the crankshaft. In a [[four-stroke cycle|four-stroke engine]], the valves are opened only half as often; thus, two full rotation

...ne]] rather than the much more usual, [[reciprocating engine]] of the four-stroke cycle. [[Image:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|framed|right||Four-stroke cycle (or Otto cycle)]]

The numbers are usually cast on the [[cylinder head]] or the intake [[manifold (automotive engineering)|manifold]] or the [[poppet valve|valve] |Saab two-stroke engine

...iston for every engine revolution, instead of every second revolution. Two stroke engines can be arranged to start and run in either direction. Two-stroke engines are used most among the smallest and largest reciprocating powerpla

...roke cycle]] Diesel engines. Some attempts were made to build non-diesel 4-stroke engines, but as there is no cylinder head, the bad location of the valves a ...upper crankshaft serves the exhaust pistons, and the lower crankshaft the intake pistons. In designs using multiple cylinder banks, such as the [[Junkers Ju

..., [[four stroke cycle]], DOHC piston engine. (E) Exhaust [[camshaft]], (I) Intake camshaft, (S) [[Spark plug]], (V) Valves, (P) [[Piston]], (R) [[Connecting ''Poppet valves'' are used in most [[piston engine]]s to open and close the intake and exhaust [[cylinder head porting|ports]] in the [[cylinder head]]. The v

; Cylinders : Bore × stroke 82.5 mm x 92.8 mm (0.89 ratio), 496 cc/cylinder, aluminium block with integ ...chain driven camshafts, continuously variable valve timing system both for intake and exhaust

...iston for every engine revolution, instead of every second revolution. Two-stroke engines can be arranged to start and run in either direction. [[Image:Arbeitsweise Zweitakt.gif|center|thumb|500px|A two-stroke engine with an expansion pipe illustrating the effect of the reflected pres

...y utilising a "wasted spark" system, where - between the exhaust and inlet stroke of each pistons "partner" - a useless spark occurs, this may improve emissi ...der normal operation, the [[Variator|Camshaft Phase Variator]] and the air intake Variable Inlet Control on the 1.8 and 2.0 litre versions.

...ts to a [[flywheel]], to reduce the pulsation characteristic of the [[four stroke cycle]], and sometimes a torsional or vibrational damper at the opposite en ...es as current [[Honda]] engines are classified as long-stroke, in that the stroke is larger than the diameter of the [[cylinder bore]]. In production [[V eng

In 1946, Peter Vassena designed a 125 cc two-stroke with the intake rotary valve small horizontal cylinder engine mounted on the frame and AMIS

...al gears, a two-stroke engine, with air suction in the crankcase where the intake air is pure was to help to keep the gas cool in the cylinder with the aim o

...ari Dino#286 SP|286 SP]]. The latter had a 90 mm bore and 75 mm stroke for 2863 cc and 260 hp (194 kW). ...anifold|intake tracts]]. The Ferraris were convinced that a freer-flowing intake could result in more power, so a new design was called for.

...arberis and Ruba by starting to produce a patented bike, with a 250 cc two-stroke engine and a direct drive transmission belt. According to the advertising o ...presented a new model with a 500 cc engine, with a carburetor with the air intake around the cylinder, to preheat the air. It had a Ruthardt magneto ignition

...plica sport production motorcycle. It is powered by a single cylinder [[2-stroke]], [[Nikasil]] coated aluminium cylinder block, liquid cooled 124.8cc [[Rot Aprilia has had many Grand Prix victories in the 125cc and 250cc 2-stroke classes. With years of racing experience, Aprilia has released a new versi

...[camshaft]]s, and a plain bearing [[crankshaft]]. It had the same bore and stroke as the old 500 racer, 74 mm x 58 mm, but the head had a 60 degree Enthusiasts found the final gearing too tall, and the intake and exhaust restrictive. If you changed those for higher flow items, and lo

...oil-jet capability, forged crankshaft and connecting rods, [[VLIM|variable intake]], and [[electronic throttle control]]. It was developed by the same intern ...ly or both inlet and exhaust. Selected models also do not include variable intake. On the [[GM Lambda platform|Lambda]] crossover SUVs ([[Saturn Outlook]], [

...eft bank camshaft operates the left bank exhaust valves and the right bank intake valves. This is most similar to a [[DOHC]] Inline-6 engine. ...ck who redesigned it and offered it as the Schrick VGI ("Variable Geometry Intake").

...can reach it, combusting suddenly before the optimum moment of the [[four-stroke cycle]]. The resulting shockwave reverberates in the combustion chamber cr * Adding water in the form of vapor in the air intake.

..., [[four stroke cycle]], DOHC piston engine. (E) Exhaust [[camshaft]], (I) Intake camshaft, (S) [[Spark plug]], (V) [[poppet valve|Valve]]s, (P) [[Piston]], ...ere the [[cylinder head]] fastens; thus, for a given cylinder block longer stroke, giving greater [[engine displacement]] and power, requires a shorter conne

|Engine || 50cc Single cylinder two-stroke, liquid cooled ...[motorcycle]] made by [[Aprilia]]. It is powered by a single cylinder [[2-stroke]] aluminium cylinder block, liquid cooled 50cc AM6 engine. The bike is popu

...h air/fuel mixture and will thus reduce the power potential of each firing stroke.

|Engine || Liquid cooled,249 cc,2-stroke,90-degree V-Twin Aprilia RS250 is 2-stroke 249 cc [[sport bike]] made by Italian bike manufacturer,Aprilia.

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 [[mm]] ...to increase the strength of air downward, defining more decisively the air-intake that appears even more squared and acquires a much wider outlet. The rear p

...[[camshaft]] to open a second exhaust valve at the top of the compression stroke. The stem of this valve telescopes during normal operation so the valve rem

...s and [[piston]]s, or by "stroking" - using a [[crankshaft]] with a longer stroke (in combination with pistons of shorter [[compression height]], to maintain * Using larger bored, smoother, less contorted intake and exhaust [[manifold (automotive engineering)|manifold]]s. This helps mai

...to the [[piston]] by a rod that passes through the centre of one end. To stroke the solenoid pressure is applied to one end of the device, while the other

...the volume of the combustion chamber when the piston is at the top of its stroke. ...in the combustion chamber). When the piston has moved up to the top of its stroke inside the cylinder, and the remaining volume inside the head or combustion

...ifferential. A prominent styling feature was an American-style chrome 'jet-intake' ornament on the nose. It did nothing the [[Fiat Topolino]] was not alread

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 [[mm]] The headlights arrears, the air-intake and squared prominent, give the impression of being faced with a car that w

...''Internal combustion piston engine''' <br>Components of a typical, [[four stroke cycle]], internal combustion piston engine. <br> '''I''' - Intake camshaft<br>

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 51 [[mm]] ...ust above a thin optical groups shaped and arrears compared to central air-intake thereby helping to draw to mind the car with wheels discoveries.

...exhaust'' of combustion products. Adding more valves improves the flow of intake and exhaust gases, potentially improving combustion efficiency, power, and

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 55.5 [[mm]] Compared to younger sister, the air-intake on the front and venting, are less pronounced, however the rear wing, monop

[[Image:4-Stroke-Engine.gif|framed|right|[[Four-stroke cycle]] (or Otto cycle)]] ..., reciprocating internal combustion engines the fundamental theory for two-stroke engines was established by [[Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot|Sadi Carnot]] in

...zzle under high pressure, but a carburetor relies on the vacuum created by intake air rushing through it to add the fuel to the airstream. ...ted with fuel injection, such as better [[atomization]] of the fuel in the intake (constant-choke carburetors have poor atomization at low air speeds, needin

...four cylinder, 4 stroke, dohc, 16 radial valves, bore 76.0 mm (2.99 in) x stroke 55 mm (2.2 in), capacity 998 cc (60.8 in³), max. power 128 kW (174 hp) @ 1 The F4 engine is a liquid cooled inline four cylinder (4 stroke) with two overhead camshafts (DOHC), 16 radial valves, electronic multipoin

...tion: Natural, with Variable Length Intake Manifold via butterfly valve in Intake Manifold<br> Intake Manifold: Carbon Fiber<br>

...ve per cylinder [[desmodromic valve|desmodromic]], liquid cooled<br>Bore x stroke: 98&nbsp;mm x 66&nbsp;mm<br>Compression Ratio: 11.5:1 ...p) as against the SPS’s 92.4 kW (124 bhp) the 996 was built with a new air intake system with two [[fuel injector]]s per cylinder. A new [[airbox]] and a dis

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 [[mm]] ...rrani initially and later in [[aluminium alloys | Light]] Amadori. The air-intake front, close and rounded side is purely aesthetic and are functional the fo

=== Two-stroke engines === ...pump]] that squeezes more air and fuel into the cylinder during the intake stroke. This provides greater power and fuel efficiency.

* [[Bore]] and [[race (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 mm x 75 mm ...[emblem]] enlarging section [[hyperboloid]] making and emphasizing the air-intake at the centre of the bonnet. The sides and the doors and shall not affect t

..., reciprocating internal combustion engines the fundamental theory for two-stroke engines was established by [[Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot|Sadi Carnot]] in ...tlieb Daimler]] and [[Wilhelm Maybach]] in the 1870's developed the [[four-stroke cycle]] (Otto cycle) engine.

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 [[mm]] The body is composed of a front with air-intake low, square and very large, with a large vent hot air in front for the pass

...roke-Engine.gif|framed|right|[[Four-stroke cycle]] (or Otto cycle)<br />1. intake<br />2. compression<br />3. power<br />4. exhaust]] ...el mixture could be sucked or blown in during the first part of the intake stroke. The most significant distinction between '''modern internal combustion eng

In the Wankel engine, the four [[stroke (disambiguation)|strokes]] of a typical [[Otto cycle]] engine are arranged ...displacement]] in a similar state of tune, and higher than that of a four-stroke piston engine of similar physical dimensions and weight. This design also a

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 59 [[mm]] ...tical high and very rounded and the other lower and spigolosa with the air-intake front almost a semicircle. Both solutions were not welded to the body car b

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 59 [[mm]] * [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 68 [[mm]]

* [[Running (mechanical) | Stroke]]: 72.5 mm ...y close''to [[Bandini 1100 (1946) | First Bandini of 1946 ]]''; as the air-intake higher and [[windshield]] recall those of''[[Bandini 1100 | 1100 sports ]]'

Formula One currently uses [[four-stroke]] [[V8]], [[naturally-aspirated]] [[reciprocating engine]]s. They typically ...4 litre displacement resulting in a less efficient combustion chamber. The stroke of a Formula One engine is approximately 39.7 mm (1.563 in), less than half

* Fiat 1300 - 1295&nbsp;cc (bore 72 x stroke 79.5mm) ohv 4-cyl in-line with 65&nbsp;bhp @ 5,200rpm * Fiat 1500 - 1481&nbsp;cc (bore 77 x stroke 79.5mm) ohv 4-cyl in-line with 72&nbsp;bhp @ 5,200rpm

...s necessary; use of an [[intercooler|aftercooler/intercooler]] to cool the intake air after compression by the turbocharger further increases efficiency. ...nders prior to starting. A small number use resistive grid heaters in the intake manifold to warm the inlet air until the engine reaches operating temperatu

In some engines, the piston may not be able to travel its full stroke without colliding with an open valve, which does the piston and the valve n ...er and the [[combustion chamber]] formed with the sleeve at the top of its stroke is almost perfect for complete, and detonation-free, combustion of the char

...to be the result of the ignition timing being too early in the compression stroke, it will delay (retard) the timing of the spark to prevent this. *'''[[Variable cam timing]]:''' Tells the ECU how to control variable intake and exhaust cams.

...led, longitudinal-crankshaft, 90-degree V-twin, Valve arrangement: OHV, 1 intake, 1 exhaust valve, operated by pushrods, rockers, screw-type adjusters, 1064 ...; Engine Type: 4 stroke air cooled; Displacement: 1064CC, 90� V-twin; Bore/Stroke: 92mm x 80mm; Compression Ratio: 9.5 : 1; Max. H.P: 77 @ 6400 RPM; Max. Tor

...° angle. The engine is a [[DOHC]] design with a one camshaft operating all intake valves and another operating all exhaust valves. The very narrow angle of t ...bsp;cc with 58&nbsp;bhp (44&nbsp;kW) with a 72&nbsp;mm bore and 67&nbsp;mm stroke. A higher (9.0:1) compression ratio and the fitment of twin solex carburett

...ambers. When attached to the low-pressure portion of the throttle body or intake manifold of the engine, the pressure in both chambers of the unit is lowere ...until the pressure rises sufficiently, hydraulic systems rely on a single stroke of a piston to force hydraulic fluid through the system.

...ees which was more in line with current F1 four-valve theory. The bore and stroke dimensions changed from 98&nbsp;mm x 66&nbsp;mm to 100&nbsp;mm x 63.5&nbsp; The liquid cooled [[Ducati ST3|ST3]] Desmotre engine has two 34&nbsp;mm intake valves and one 40&nbsp;mm exhaust valve and an included angle of 40°. The

..., [[four stroke cycle]], DOHC piston engine. (E) Exhaust [[camshaft]], (I) Intake camshaft, (S) Spark plug, (V) [[poppet valve|Valves]], (P) [[Piston]], (R) ...ground electrode, faces the center of the combustion chamber, towards the intake valve, rather than the wall. Many experts believe that this will maximize t

...pression and initially produced 61.2bhp at 11,000&nbsp;rpm. (Same bore and stroke as the later 500 Pantah) All Ducati’s 500&nbsp;cc GP engines used desmodr ...pump with the oil pressure at 80 psi. The new crankshaft had an 80&nbsp;mm stroke, and with the 88&nbsp;mm bore, gave a 973&nbsp;cc engine, and a 5% improvem

...mshaft]]s that provide valve actuation in less than 0.15 seconds, with the intake cams being controlled by [[variable valve timing]]. The [[crankcase]] and [ ...sp;rpm due primarily to a different exhaust system and improvements on the intake manifolds and valve seats. A six-speed paddle shift transmission comes as

...four-cylinder) to race. The recent rule changes in [[MotoGP]] to allow [[4-stroke]] engines meant that the Japanese manufacturers had focused their resources ...ill also have a 50&nbsp;mm air restrictor fitted. The weight limit and the intake-restrictor size of twin machines will be updated, if needed, during the Cha

...ower of the engine in as-installed trim, with all accessories and standard intake and exhaust systems. By 1972 U.S. carmakers quoted power exclusively in SAE ...the displacement in cubic inches divided by 10π then divided again by the stroke in inches. [http://www.designchambers.com/wolfhound/wolfhoundRACHP.htm]

...rules kept restriction to a minimum, any four-stroke engine with a 25.4 mm intake restriction. A new name was sought to differentiate the new event from mini

...s similar to that in cars. The other was a two cycle (sometimes called two stroke)engine in which the engine oil was mixed with the gasoline or went into an ...epaired much easier and cheaper. There are three main downsides of the two stroke: first, they are less efficient, second, they rely on oil mixed with the ga

...dded his own initials, CZ. The raised parts of the cam covers and the long intake plenum are also picked out in blue and yellow. ...r to the motor in the Lamborghini Urraco P300s. In fact, even the bore and stroke of 86.0 x 64.5mm are the same as this classic small block V8. The concept o

...rol]] engines with reciprocating circular [[piston]]s and a maximum of two intake and two exhaust [[poppet valve|valves]] per cylinder. They must be [[V8]] e

Until the mid 1940s, the traditional horizontal [[four-stroke]] single cylinder 500&nbsp;cc engines outfitted with one overhead and one s ...sp;cc lightweight motorcycle became very popular in post-war Italy. A four-stroke 175&nbsp;cc scooter known as the "Galletto" also sold well. Though modest c

...dry. Beautiful fins and ribbing helped cool the engine and the pressurized intake charge for maximum efficiency. It was magnificent, finely finished, sculptu