Difference between revisions of "Campobasso"
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| − | + | {{Infobox CityIT | | |
| − | + | img_coa = Campobasso-Stemma.png| | |
| − | + | official_name = Comune di Campobasso| | |
| − | + | name=Campobasso| | |
| + | region = [[Molise]] | | ||
| + | province = [[Province of Campobasso|Campobasso]] (CB) | | ||
| + | elevation_m = 700| | ||
| + | area_total_km2 = 55 | | ||
| + | population_as_of = [[December 31]], [[2004]] | | ||
| + | population_total = 51633| | ||
| + | population_density_km2 =852| | ||
| + | timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]], [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]+1 | | ||
| + | coordinates = {{coor at dm|41|34|N|14|40|E}}| | ||
| + | mapx=41.350| | ||
| + | mapy=14.660| | ||
| + | frazioni = Santo Stefano| | ||
| + | telephone = 0874| | ||
| + | postalcode = 86100| | ||
| + | gentilic = Campobassani| | ||
| + | saint = St. George| | ||
| + | day = [[April 23]] | | ||
| + | mayor = Giuseppe Di Fabio (since [[June 14]], [[2004]])| | ||
| + | website = [http://www.comune.campobasso.it www.comune.campobasso.it] | | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | '''Campobasso''' (Campobassan Dialect: ''Kambuàš'') is the capital city of the [[Molise]] region in [[Italy]]. It is located in the high basin of the [[Biferno]] river, surrounded by the [[Sannio]] and [[Matese]] mountains. | |
| − | + | [[image:Campobasso Campanile S. Bartolomeo.jpg|left|220px|thumb|Bell tower of the S. Bartolomeo Church in the Medieval Historical center of Campobasso.]] | |
| − | + | Campobasso is renowned for the craftmanship of [[blades]] (including [[scissor]]s and [[knife|knives]]), historically documented since the [[14th century]]. It also famous for the production of [[pear]]s and [[scamorza]] (cheese). | |
| − | + | ||
| + | ==History== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The origins of Campobasso are still disputed. According to the most agreed theory, the city was founded before the [[8th century]] as a fortified camp by the [[Lombards]], on the steep of the hill where a castle is. The original name was ''Campus vassorum'', meaning the city was in origin the seat of the [[vassal]]s of the [[Duke of Spoleto]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | After the [[Normans|Norman]] conquest of Southern Italy, Campobasso lost its connotation of a defensive strongpoint and gained a role as a trading and administration centre. | ||
| + | |||
| + | From [[1330]] to [[1745]] the city was ruled by the Monforte-Gambatesa, who built the castle and established a mint. Later it was ruled by the Di Capua, [[Gonzaga]], Vitagliano, [[Carafa]] and Romano families. | ||
| + | |||
| + | In [[1763]] the citizens abandoned the old city and settled in the lower valley. The current city was expanded in [[1814]] by the [[King of Naples]] [[Joachim Murat]], and lies on the ''Campo Basso'' ("Low field"). | ||
| + | |||
| + | In the October and November [[1943]] Campobasso was the centre of fights between the [[Allies]] and [[Germany|German]] troops. Several buildings and plant were destroyed, and 38 citizens were killed. In [[1995]] the city received the Bronze Medal for Civil Valour for the harsh work made by the Campobassani to clean all territory from dangerous unexploded warheads, a work that lasted well into 1948. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Main sights== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The main attraction of Campobasso is the ''Castello Monforte'', built in [[1450]] by the local ruler Nicola II Monforte, over Lombard of Norman ruins. The castle has [[Guelphs and Ghibellines|Guelph]] [[merlon]]s and lies on a commanding point, where traces of ancient settlements (including [[Samnite]] walls) have been found. The current construction is the result of later rebuildings after the earthquakes of 1456 and [[1805]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Next to the castle is the ''Chiesa della Madonna del Monte'' (Santa Maria Maggiore), erected in the [[11th century]] and rebuilt in [[1525]]. It houses a precious wooden statue of the ''Incoronata'' from [[1334]]. At the feet of the castle, the church of St. George is probably the most ancient church of Campobasso, built around the year 1000 AD over the ruins of a Pagan temple. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The main church is the Cathedral, or ''Chiesa della Santissima Trinità'' (Church of the Holy Trinity), was built in [[1504]] outside the city walls. It was destroyed by an earthquake in [[1805]] and a new [[Neoclassical architecture|Neoclassical]] edifice was built in [[1829]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | The church of ''San Bartolomeo'' is a [[Romanesque architecture|Romanesque]] building from the 11th century, in limestone. The interior has a nave and two aisles. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''San Leonardo'' (14th century) has a façade mixing Gothic and Romanesque elements, and a side mullioned window with vegetables decorations influenced by the Apulian architecture of the period. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ''Villa de Capoa'', recently restored, is a noteworthy garden with statues and a wide variety of vegetable species, including [[sequoia]]s, [[Norway Spruce]]s, [[cupressus|cypresses]] and [[Lebanon Cedar]]s. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Image gallery== | ||
| + | <gallery> | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso panorama.jpg|View of the city | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso municipio.jpg|Palazzo Municipale | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso castello.jpg|Castello Monforte | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso crociati.jpg|Historical re-enactment | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso Piazza Prefettura.jpg|Piazza Prefettura | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso s.bartolomeo.jpg|S. Bartolomeo Church in the medieval centre | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso villa_comunale.jpg|Gardens of Villa de Capoa | ||
| + | Image:Misteri.jpg|Sfilata dei Misteri | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso Palazzo.jpg|Palazzo del Centro Murattiano | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso Corso neve.jpg|Center of City | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso Palazzo mazzarotta.jpg|Medieval City | ||
| + | Image:Campobasso-Villa de Capoa statua.jpg|Statue in Villa de Capoa | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| + | |||
*[http://www.italianvisits.com/molise/campobasso/ ItalianVisits.com] | *[http://www.italianvisits.com/molise/campobasso/ ItalianVisits.com] | ||
| + | <br> | ||
| + | {{Province of Campobasso}} | ||
| + | {{Regional Capitals of Italy}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Cities and towns in Molise]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Romanesque architecture]] | ||
| + | [[category:castles in Italy]] | ||
| + | [[Category:Cathedrals in Italy|Campobasso]] | ||
| + | |||
{{Regions of Italy}} | {{Regions of Italy}} | ||
Revision as of 12:34, 12 December 2007
| Comune di Campobasso | |
|---|---|
 Municipal coat of arms | |
| Country | Template:Country flagicon2 Italy |
| Region | Molise |
| Province | Campobasso (CB) |
| Mayor | Giuseppe Di Fabio (since June 14, 2004) |
| Elevation | Template:Convert/LonAonDbSoffTemplate:Convert/test/Aon |
| Area | Template:Convert/sqkmTemplate:Convert/test/Aon |
| Population (as of December 31, 2004) | |
| - Total | 51,633 |
| - Density | Template:PD km2 to sq mi |
| Time zone | CET, UTC+1 |
| Coordinates | Template:Coor at dm |
| Gentilic | Campobassani |
| Dialing code | 0874 |
| Postal code | 86100 |
| Frazioni | Santo Stefano |
| Patron | St. George |
| - Day | April 23 |
Location of Campobasso in Italy | |
| Website: www.comune.campobasso.it | |
Campobasso (Campobassan Dialect: Kambuàš) is the capital city of the Molise region in Italy. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by the Sannio and Matese mountains.
Campobasso is renowned for the craftmanship of blades (including scissors and knives), historically documented since the 14th century. It also famous for the production of pears and scamorza (cheese).
History
The origins of Campobasso are still disputed. According to the most agreed theory, the city was founded before the 8th century as a fortified camp by the Lombards, on the steep of the hill where a castle is. The original name was Campus vassorum, meaning the city was in origin the seat of the vassals of the Duke of Spoleto.
After the Norman conquest of Southern Italy, Campobasso lost its connotation of a defensive strongpoint and gained a role as a trading and administration centre.
From 1330 to 1745 the city was ruled by the Monforte-Gambatesa, who built the castle and established a mint. Later it was ruled by the Di Capua, Gonzaga, Vitagliano, Carafa and Romano families.
In 1763 the citizens abandoned the old city and settled in the lower valley. The current city was expanded in 1814 by the King of Naples Joachim Murat, and lies on the Campo Basso ("Low field").
In the October and November 1943 Campobasso was the centre of fights between the Allies and German troops. Several buildings and plant were destroyed, and 38 citizens were killed. In 1995 the city received the Bronze Medal for Civil Valour for the harsh work made by the Campobassani to clean all territory from dangerous unexploded warheads, a work that lasted well into 1948.
Main sights
The main attraction of Campobasso is the Castello Monforte, built in 1450 by the local ruler Nicola II Monforte, over Lombard of Norman ruins. The castle has Guelph merlons and lies on a commanding point, where traces of ancient settlements (including Samnite walls) have been found. The current construction is the result of later rebuildings after the earthquakes of 1456 and 1805.
Next to the castle is the Chiesa della Madonna del Monte (Santa Maria Maggiore), erected in the 11th century and rebuilt in 1525. It houses a precious wooden statue of the Incoronata from 1334. At the feet of the castle, the church of St. George is probably the most ancient church of Campobasso, built around the year 1000 AD over the ruins of a Pagan temple.
The main church is the Cathedral, or Chiesa della Santissima Trinità (Church of the Holy Trinity), was built in 1504 outside the city walls. It was destroyed by an earthquake in 1805 and a new Neoclassical edifice was built in 1829.
The church of San Bartolomeo is a Romanesque building from the 11th century, in limestone. The interior has a nave and two aisles.
San Leonardo (14th century) has a façade mixing Gothic and Romanesque elements, and a side mullioned window with vegetables decorations influenced by the Apulian architecture of the period.
Villa de Capoa, recently restored, is a noteworthy garden with statues and a wide variety of vegetable species, including sequoias, Norway Spruces, cypresses and Lebanon Cedars.
Image gallery
View of the city
Palazzo Municipale
Castello Monforte
Historical re-enactment
Piazza Prefettura
S. Bartolomeo Church in the medieval centre
Gardens of Villa de Capoa
Sfilata dei Misteri
Palazzo del Centro Murattiano
Center of City
Medieval City
Statue in Villa de Capoa
External links
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