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...ave been used, since tomatoes were not introduced in Europe until the 15th century. ...he personal letters of Francisco di Marco, a merchant of Prato in the 14th century.

...us VII of Savoy|Red Count]] used a [[lifeguard]] of archers. In the [[16th century]], [[Emmanuel Philibert]] re-organized the Savoiard army, creating a person [[Category:14th century establishments]]

...y]], rebuilt in the [[14th century]] and altered again early in the [[15th century]], when the fine [[Gothic architecture|gothic]] doorway and [[ship's keel r

...areas. Historical documents show that in the [[13th century|13th]]-[[14th century]] Parmigiano was already very similar to that produced today: this suggest

...areas. Historical documents show that in the [[13th century|13th]]-[[14th century]] Parmigiano was already very similar to that produced today: this suggest

...en in the court of [[Richard II of England|King Richard II]] in the [[14th Century]]. The recipe was also featured in the first cookbook ever written in Engla Lasagne was first recorded in the [[13th century]] when it was used in a layered dish. This early version did not include [

...of Sant'Antimo. The population grew suddenly in the middle of the [[10th century]] when people fleeing the nearby town of Roselle took up residence in the t ...Siena became embroiled, particularly in those with city of Florence in the 14th and 15th centuries, and like many other cities in central and northern [[It

...scissor]]s and [[knife|knives]]), historically documented since the [[14th century]]. It also famous for the production of [[pear]]s and [[scamorza]] (cheese) ...According to the most agreed theory, the city was founded before the [[8th century]] as a fortified camp by the [[Lombards]], on the steep of the hill where a

...he [[Visigoths]] in [[507]], and plundered by the [[Normans]] in the [[9th century]]. In [[1360]] it was surrendered by the [[Treaty of Brétigny]] to the [[E ...m Taillefer]], whose descendants held the title till the end of the [[12th century]]. Withdrawn from them on more than one occasion by [[Richard I of England|

...], [[Baroque]] and [[Rococo]]. [[Futurism]] developed in Italy in the 20th century. [[Image:Aldobrandini wedding.JPG|thumb|250px|''Aldobrandini Wedding'' (1st century BC) from the Vatican]]

In the 9th century in the Muslim world, coffee began use as a medicine, was liked for taste an During the 14th century some coffee trees were transplanted to Arabia. They named it Kaweh.

...Italy|Nora]], and [[Tharros]], that were founded from [[Tyre]] in the 7th century BC. It passed with the rest of the island first to the control of [[Cartha ===11th century===

...etianus]] made Florentia capital of the province of ''Tuscia'' in the 3rd century CE. The seat of a bishopric from around the beginning of the 4th century CE, the city experienced subsequent turbulent periods of [[Byzantine Empire

From the [[8th century BC]], Phoenicians founded several cities and strongholds on Sardinia; Tharr ...mountains of the interior resisted the Roman colonization for more than a century, [[Marcus Caecilius Metellus]] subduing them only in 127 BC.

...ncient Rome|Roman]] expansion in the [[Po River|Padan Plain]] from the 3rd century BCE onwards: after centuries of struggle, in [[194 BCE]] the entire area of ...me "Lombardy" came to designate the whole of Northern Italy until the 15th century.

...[[Habsburg]]. This arrangement came to an end at the start of the [[19th century]] with the dissolution of the Empire. The Bishoprics were secularized in [[

...insular status meant that Christianity did not penetrate until the Fourth Century AD, and it was not until the [[Lombards|Lombards]] invaded Siena and the su ...litical opposition to its great rival, [[Florence]], and was in the [[13th century]] predominantly [[Ghibelline]] in opposition to Florence's [[Guelph]] posit

...tion is unknown, it is known that it was already in existence in the [[3rd century BC]], for in [[218 BC]], during [[Hannibal]]'s invasion of Italy, the Boii In the [[1st century BC]] Mutina was besieged twice. The first siege was by [[Pompey]] in [[78 B

[[Image:Tiberius Bridge Rimini.JPG|thumb|300px|left|Tiberius' Bridge ([[1st century]]).]] In the sixth century BC, it was taken by the Gauls; after their last defeat (283 BC), it returne

...been proposed as founders of the city. Archeological remains from the 5th century BC confirm the existence of a city at the sea, trading with Greeks and [[Ga ...plexity of its river system and its consequent ease of defence. In the 7th century Pisa helped the pope [[Pope Gregory I|Gregorius the Great]] by supplying nu

...totle]] which provided the standard account of [[motion]] until the [[17th century]]. Aristotle, and his [[peripatetic]] followers, held that a body was only In the [[6th century]], [[Joannes Philoponus]] first criticised Aristotle's notion and proposed

...[[Samnites]], [[Umbrians]] and other) competing with [[Rome]] in the first century B.C. By the time of [[Roman Emperor|emperor]] [[Augustus]] approximately, t [[Image:Iron Age Italy.png|thumb|220px|Languages in Iron Age Italy, 6th century BC.]]

Palermo was founded in the 8th century BC by [[Phoenicia]]n tradesmen around a natural harbour on the north-wester In the [[9th century]], Sicily was divided into two prefectures by the Byzantines. The two prefe

...signs of the importance L'Aquila had reached by the turn of the 14th-15th century: Jewish families came to live in the city; the generals of the [[Franciscan This period ended in the 16th century, when [[Spain|Spanish]] viceroy [[Philibert van Oranje]] destroyed L'Aquila

...the ancient and renowned [[University of Bologna]], founded in the [[11th century]]. In the [[4th century BC]] the city was conquered by the Boii, a Gallic tribe, whence the ancient

...nvasion of northern Italy by the [[Lombards]] in [[568]]. In the mid-[[8th century]], the Venetians resisted the empire-building efforts of [[Peppin III|Pepin In the [[12th century]] the essentials for the power of Venice were laid: the [[Venetian Arsenal

...nomani (Cisalpine Gaul)|Cenomani]], allies of the [[Insubres]], in the 4th century BC, it became their capital. The city became Roman in 225 BC, when the Ceno ...d the latter two times at [[Pontoglio]], and then at the Grumore (mid-12th century) and in the battle of the Malamorte(Bad Death) (1192).

...1184, probably on the foundations of a Roman villa and rebuilt in the 14th Century by architects Martin and Peter Schiche (completed 1382),

...quarters. Most of the important Roman remains in Verona date from the 1st century BC, including the [[Amphitheatre]], Theatre, arches, gates and bridges. Ver ...fallen in disuse and had been built upon to provide housing. In the [[18th century]] Andrea Monga, a wealthy Veronese, bought all the houses that in time had

...1184, probably on the foundations of a Roman villa and rebuilt in the 14th Century by architects Martin and Peter Schiche (completed 1382),

...ar Italy]] (Sicily and Sardegna). The term first came into use in the 18th century and is an Italian rendition of ''meridies'' (Latin for 'south', because of ...r of the [[6th century]]. [[Amalfi]], an independent republic from the 7th century until 1075, and to a lesser extent [[Gaeta]], [[Molfetta]], and [[Trani]],

...(Nové město) - the district adjacent to Old Town, established in the 14th century ...thedrals and countless church spires all in the shadow of her majestic 9th century castle that looks eastward as the sun sets behind her. Prague is also a mo

...eshing]] ''siligo'', a type of [[wheat]]. ''[[Tacuinum Sanitatis]]'', 15th century.]] ...Ages]], a period roughly dating from the [[5th century|5th]] to the [[16th century]]. During this period, [[diet (nutrition)|diets]] and cooking changed acros

...the 4 races that made up the round, Montermini finished 5th in race 1 and 14th in race 3 while Simonsen finished 2nd in race 2 and 6th in the fourth and f ...r. It was designed by [[Flavio Manzoni]] and was built to celebrate half a century of Ferrari's presence in [[Japan]].

...ral parts of the cuisine but were not introduced in scale until the [[18th century]]. ...til the 19th century, the cuisine can claim roots going back as far as 4th century BC. Through various influences throughout the centuries, including neighbor

...om 960-963. Italian was first formalized in the first years of the [[14th century]] through the works of [[Dante Alighieri]], who mixed southern Italian lang ...e Vulgari Eloquentia]]'' and a renewed interest in linguistics in the 16th century sparked a debate which raged throughout Italy concerning which criteria sho

...|350px|A depiction of Boetius teaching his students (1385). Boetius, a 6th century Christian philosopher, helped keep alive the classic tradition in post-Roma ...rature|Provençal poems]], such as the Marchese [[Alberto Malaspina]] (12th century), Maestro [[Ferrari Ferrara]], [[Cigala of Genoa]], [[Zorzi of Venice]], [[

...|350px|A depiction of Boetius teaching his students (1385). Boetius, a 6th century Christian philosopher, helped keep alive the classic tradition in post-Roma ...rature|Provençal poems]], such as the Marchese [[Alberto Malaspina]] (12th century), Maestro [[Ferrari Ferrara]], [[Cigala of Genoa]], [[Zorzi of Venice]], [[

...nonymous with speed, similar to [[Barney Oldfield]] in the early twentieth century and [[Stirling Moss]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. |Awards || named the "Driver of the Century" by the [[Associated Press]] and RACER magazine

...The car started the race with mechanical problems, which sent it down to a 14th place in the race. But Pescarolo drove the car to the second place under th ===1999 The Race of the Century===

...The car started the race with mechanical problems, which sent it down to a 14th place in the race. But Pescarolo drove the car to the second place under th ===1999 The Race of the Century===