Difference between revisions of "Fiat"

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:''This article is about Fiat the [[automobile]] [[manufacturer]]. '''Fiat''' is also an [[English language|English]] word meaning the exercise of [[authority]]; see [[Fiat money]] and [[military fiat]]. The [[Latin]] word ''fiat'' means "let it be" as well as a very short period of time, an instant.''
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See: [[Fiat]]
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[[Image:Fiat_logo.png|right|Fiat logo]]
 
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'''Fiat S.p.A.''' ({{nyse|F}}) is an [[automobile]] [[manufacturer]], financial and industrial group based in [[Turin]], [[Northern Italy]].
 
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The name is the [[acronym]] of '''Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino''' (Italian Car Factory of Turin), founded by [[Giovanni Agnelli]] in [[1899]]. His grandson [[Gianni Agnelli]] was Fiat chairman from [[1966]] until his death on [[January 24]], [[2003]], when he was succeeded by his brother [[Umberto Agnelli]]. After Umberto Agnelli's death on [[May 28]], [[2004]], [[Luca Cordero di Montezemolo]] was named chairman, but Agnelli heir [[John Elkann]] became vice chairman at age 28 and other family members are on the board. At this point, [[CEO]] [[Giuseppe Morchio]] immediately offered his resignation. [[Sergio Marchionne]] was named to replace him on [[June 1]], [[2004]].
 
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==History and activities==
 
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{| style=float:right
 
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|[[image:Fiat topolino (palma).jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Fiat Topolino]]]]
 
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|[[image:Fiat 500.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Fiat 500]]]]
 
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|-
 
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|[[image:Fiat 126.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Fiat 126]]]]
 
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|[[image:Fiatseicento.jpg|right|thumb|200px|[[Fiat Seicento]]]]
 
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|-
 
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|[[Image:FiatYump1_SM.jpg |right|thumb|200px|[[Fiat Uno]] rally car ]]
 
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|}
 
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The group's activities were initially focused on the industrial production of cars, industrial and agricultural vehicles. Over time it has diversified into many other fields, and the group now has activities in a wide range of sectors in industry and financial services.  It is Italy's largest industrial concern.  It also has significant worldwide operations, operating in 61 countries with 1,063 companies that employ over 223,000 people, 111,000 of whom are outside Italy. Fiat built the famous [[Lingotto]] car factory, opened in [[1923]]. 
 
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Fiat was to make military machinery and vehicles during [[World War II]] for the [[Italian Army]] and [[Italian Air Force|Air Force]].  Fiat made fighter aircraft, which was one of the most common [[Italy|Italian]] aircraft used along with the [[Savoia-Marchetti]], and also made light tanks and armored vehicles.  These machinery were weak compared to some of the [[Germany|German]] and [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] machinery, but were still used often.
 
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Fiat corporation, starting from the late [[1960s]], has bought (or gained control of) a wide range of companies, including:
 
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* ''Car companies'' - the long list includes well known firms like [[Ferrari]], [[Lancia]], [[Autobianchi]] (already bought by Lancia), [[Alfa Romeo]], [[Maserati]] and [[Innocenti]]. Fiat also owns some brands of industrial vehicles including [[Officine Meccaniche|OM]] and [[Iveco]].
 
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* ''Agricultural and construction vehicles'' - Fiat group also owns [[CNH Global]] (which includes: Case Construction, Case IH, Flexi-Coil, Kobelco, New Holland, New Holland Construction, and Steyr); and Fiat-[[Hitachi, Ltd.|Hitachi]] Construction.
 
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* ''Buses'' - produced with the Fiat, Iveco or Irisbus names.
 
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* ''Aviation'' - aircraft and related components were produce by FiatAvio (now [[Avio]], an independent company), which also controls EVL, a space industry.
 
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* ''Military vehicles'', see [[Ariete]]
 
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* ''Vehicle components'' - the major Italian component maker [[Magneti-Marelli]] is owned by Fiat, and in turn owns the other brands Carello, Automotive Lighting, Siem, Cofap, Jaeger, Solex, Veglia Borletti, Vitaloni and [[Weber]]; other accessory brands include Riv-Skf and Brazilian Cofap.
 
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* ''Steelmaking and metallurgy'' - Fiat owns Teksid and produces machines for the industry (also for car factories) with Comau (now Comau Systems), which bought the American Pico, Renault Automation and Sciaky.
 
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* ''Publishing'' - notably, Fiat group also owns important editorial brands, like [[La Stampa]] (created in [[1926]] for the famous newspaper), Itedi, Italiana Edizioni. Some national and local newspapers are owned or otherwise controlled by the different companies. A specialised advertising space reseller is Publikompass, supported by the Consorzio Fiat Media Center.
 
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* ''Financial services'' - An important insurance company, Toro Assicurazioni, allows Fiat to control a relevant part of this market (also with minor companies like Lloyd Italico, Augusta Assicurazioni) and to interact with some associated banks.
 
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* ''Construction'' - Ingest Facility and Fiat Engineering work in various fields of construction, while IPI is a mediation company that also deals with the management of real estate properties.
 
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* ''Information technology'' - Fiat is present in IT fields and in communications with ICT - Information & Communication Technology, Espin, Global Value, TeleClient, Atlanet.
 
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* ''Leisure'' The group owns the [[Sestriere]] skiing facilities (being this village on [[Alps]] a creation of Agnelli family).
 
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In the [[1970s]] and [[1980s]], the company became a pioneer in the use of industrial [[robotics]] for the assembly of motor vehicles.  Fiat assembly plants are among the most automated and advanced in the world. 
 
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* ''Other services'' Fiat Gesco, KeyG Consulting, Sadi Customs Services, Easy Drive, RM Risk Management and Servizio Titoli are minor companies that work for public services, delivering services in economics and financial fields. Other activities include industrial securitisation (Consorzio Sirio), treasury (Fiat Geva), Fiat Information & Communication Services.
 
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Fiat supports the ''Fondazione Giovanni Agnelli'', an important foundation for social and economic research. ''Palazzo Grassi'', a famous ancient building in [[Venice]], now a museum and formerly supported by Fiat, was eventually sold to the Venice [[casino]] in [[January]] [[2005]].
 
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The group is present in many countries, not only in the West. Notably, it was one of the first companies to built factories in soviet controlled countries, with the best known examples in [[Vladivostok]], [[Kyiv]] and [[Togliattigrad]]. Being [[AutoVAZ]] ([[Lada]]), (most notably for the [[Lada Riva]]). Fiat also has a subsidiary in [[Poland]]  at [[Tychy]],(formerly called FSM) where Fiat's small cars (the [[Fiat 126|126]], [[Fiat Cinquecento|Cinquecento]] and now [[Fiat Seicento|Seicento]]) are made. Fiat has factories in [[Brazil]], [[Turkey]], [[China]] and [[India]], where local variants of Fiats are produced as well as the world car, the [[Fiat Palio|Palio]].
 
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After Fiat ceased importing cars into the United States in 1984,and Australia in 1989  however, they continued to be imported into [[Canada]], as did [[Soviet]] versions of Fiat models.
 
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==Fiat Car Models==
 
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*[[Fiat 124|124]]
 
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*[[Fiat 125|125]]
 
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*[[Fiat 126|126]]
 
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*[[Fiat 127|127]]
 
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*[[Fiat 128|128]]
 
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*[[Fiat 130|130]]
 
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*[[Fiat 131|131]]
 
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*[[Fiat 500|500]]
 
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*[[Fiat 600|600]]
 
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*[[Fiat 850|850]]
 
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*[[Fiat 1100|1100]]
 
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*[[Fiat Albea|Albea]]
 
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*[[Fiat Barchetta|Barchetta]]
 
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*[[Fiat Bianchina|Bianchina]]
 
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*[[Fiat Brava|Brava]]
 
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*[[Fiat Bravo|Bravo]]
 
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*[[Fiat Cinquecento|Cinquecento]]
 
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*[[Fiat Coupé|Coupé]]
 
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*[[Fiat Croma|Croma]]
 
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*[[Fiat Dino|Dino]]
 
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*[[Fiat Doblò|Doblò]]
 
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*[[Fiat Ducato|Ducato]]
 
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*[[Fiat Duna|Duna]] (designed in [[Brazil]])
 
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*[[Fiat Idea|Idea]]
 
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*[[Fiat Marea|Marea]]
 
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*[[Fiat Multipla|Multipla]]
 
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*[[Fiat Palio|Palio]]
 
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*[[Fiat Panda|Panda]] (also [[Fiat Panda (2003)|New Panda]])
 
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*[[Fiat Duna|Premio]]
 
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*[[Fiat Punto|Punto]]
 
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*[[Fiat Regata|Regata]]
 
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*[[Fiat Ritmo|Ritmo]]/[[Fiat Strada|Strada]]
 
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*[[Fiat Seicento|Seicento]]
 
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*[[Fiat Siena|Siena]]
 
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*[[Fiat Stilo|Stilo]]
 
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*[[Fiat Tempra|Tempra]]
 
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*[[Fiat Tipo|Tipo]]
 
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*[[Fiat Topolino|Topolino]]
 
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*[[Fiat Ulysse|Ulysse]]
 
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*[[Fiat Uno|Uno]]
 
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*[[Fiat X1/9|X1/9]]
 
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==European Car of the Year Awards==
 
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Fiat cars have won the [[European Car of the Year]] Award 8 times
 
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*1967: Fiat [[Fiat 124|124]]
 
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*1970: Fiat [[Fiat 128|128]]
 
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*1972: Fiat [[Fiat 127|127]]
 
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*1984: Fiat [[Fiat Uno|Uno]]
 
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*1989: Fiat [[Fiat Tipo|Tipo]]
 
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*1995: Fiat [[Fiat Punto|Punto]]
 
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*1996: Fiat [[Fiat Brava|Brava/Bravo]]
 
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*2004: [[Fiat Panda (2003)|Fiat Panda (New)]]
 
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==See also==
 
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*[[List of Italian companies]]
 
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*[[List of automobile manufacturers]]
 
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*[[Simca]]
 
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*[[Neckar (car)|Neckar]]
 
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==External links==
 
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*[http://www.fiatgroup.com/ The Fiat Group]
 
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**[http://www.fiat.com/ The Fiat car company]
 
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*[http://biz.yahoo.com/ic/41/41777.html Yahoo! - Fiat SpA Company Profile]
 
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*[http://www.fiatclubnsw.com Fiat Club of New South Wales]
 
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*[http://www.superpanda.de.vu German Fiat Panda Fanclub]
 
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*[http://www.eurovan2.com International Ulysse Forum]
 
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*[http://www.autoturin.com/ Tour of Fiat factories in Turin]
 
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*[http://www.mirafiori.com Mirafiori]
 
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*[http://www.flu.org Fiat-Lancia Unlimited]
 
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*[http://www.hkfiatclub.com/indexeng.htm Hong Kong Fiat Club]
 
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*[http://www.fiat.web.tr/ FIAT Club of Turkey]
 
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{{fiat}}
 
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[[Category:Italian aircraft manufacturers]]
 
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[[Category:Italian automobile manufacturers]]
 
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[[Category:Fiat|*]]
 
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[[Category:Turin]]
 

Revision as of 21:31, 13 March 2009

See: Fiat

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